Sensores hibridos em fibra ótica para a monitorização em tempo real da próxima geração de células de estado sólido

ENIGMA aims to develop hybrid OFS that function as micro-calorimeters and micro-barometers to detect and track electrochemical events during the operation of innovative SSc. By correlating these events with degradation phenomena such as solid-electrolyte interface growth and internal resistance increase, the project seeks to improve the know-how associated with the next generation of batteries based on SSc and unrevealing internal cell characteristics in real-time. These OFS will be embedded in these cells to internally monitor key parameters in real-time and operando, such as thermal events, pressure changes, and also the possible refractive index (RI) changes, to decipher internal electrochemical effects and in this way enhance and prolong their quality, reliability, and lifespan. The sensor data will be correlated with a wider range of SSc operations, including SoC and health (SOH), as well as their operation under extreme temperature conditions for electric vehicle (EV) applications. To achieve this goal, ENIGMA will optimize various OF technologies and configurations, such as hybrid configurations of FBG and interferometric sensors, through hybrid structures post-processed using micro/nanofabrication technologies. The project will also test different SSc electrolyte chemistries to evaluate and compare their performance under different operating conditions. In addition, data collected from the OFS will be acquired and analyzed using MATLAB routines. This data will be integrated into LABVIEW software, creating a digital platform. This platform will enable real-time and continuous monitoring of cells' operation by recording internal parameters throughout their lifespan. By reducing the time required for data processing and creating a battery management system (BMS) for SSc, this platform will enhance overall cell knowledge. Simultaneously, to evaluate the possibility of a technology transition to industry, the project aims to elaborate a study about the techno and socio-economic impact and life cycle assessment of the developed final prototype. ENIGMA will contribute to a significant scientific breakthrough in the field of sustainable energy by enhancing the development of new designs for the next generation of batteries (Gen 4b) concerning solid-state cells. The project aims to improve the quality, performance, and knowledge, ultimately contributing to a decarbonized society on a global scale. By tracking physical and chemical parameters and correlating them with cell degradation phenomena, ENIGMA seeks to reduce cell failure margins and optimize their usage through the creation of an BMS for SSc. The project follows the research line of the PI CEECIND2022 project, the European projects INSTABAT (finalized), ALBATTS, and PULSELION (ongoing), aligning with the BATTERY 2030+ Roadmap and upcoming European HORIZON calls. ENIGMA advances SSc knowledge by developing/adapting in-cell sensing capabilities, reducing the current lack of knowledge about internal cell behavior, and addressing safety issues by creating an operando data treatment procedure (BMS-SSc digital platform).