Avaliação da inalação de micro(nano)plásticos transportados pelo ar: Desvendar os riscos para a saúde em ambientes ocupacionais e rastreio de biomarcadores precoces de doenças respiratórias

The project's objectives are ambitious, surpassing the state of the art by introducing realistic exposure scenarios, advanced methodologies, and innovative biomarker research. Main Objective 1 (MO1): Characterize and Quantify Airborne Exposure to MNPs in Occupational Settings. The project aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the levels and characteristics of airborne MNPs in occupational environments, particularly within the textile industry. This involves implementing a robust sampling strategy that considers different locations within facilities to capture variations in exposure levels. The use of appropriate sampling methods and equipment is crucial for accurate data collection. By focusing on real-world scenarios, Plastic_In addresses a critical knowledge gap in current research, emphasizing practical applicability and contributing to a more realistic risk assessment. MO2: Provide a Method for Calculating Inhalation Exposure to MNPs. In the absence of occupational exposure limits for MNPs workplace safety, Plastic_In introduces an innovative approach by applying a dosimetry model (ExDoM2) for calculating internal dose, deposition fraction across lung regions, clearance and retention of MNPs from occupational environment in the human respiratory tract (HRT) and the mass transferred to the gastrointestinal tract and blood capillaries. The Physiologically-Based PharmacoKinetic (PBPK) models of ExDOM2 model will be adapted using data from urine samples to ensure more accurate modelled dose–response functions. Thus, realistic doses will be defined for in vitro tests. By Plastic_In project will contribute not only to understanding occupational exposure but also to provide a foundation for extrapolating findings to other exposure routes, thereby reducing reliance on animal models and advancing ethical and effective research practices. MO3: Evaluate Cytotoxicity, Oxidative Stress, and Genotoxicity of Inhaled MNPs. Understanding the health impacts of inhaled MNPs is a crucial aspect of Plastic_In. The project employs advanced cell culture models relevant to lung tissues to assess the cytotoxic, oxidative stress, and genotoxic effects of MNPs. This in vitro toxicity assessment provides valuable insights into the potential health risks associated with airborne MNPs exposure. The chosen endpoints, including cell viability, inflammation, and cell barrier integrity, allow for a comprehensive evaluation of the impact of MNPs on lung cells. This objective bridges the gap in current knowledge regarding the toxicity of MNPs in the human respiratory system. MO4: Identify and Validate Non-Invasive Biomarkers for Early Detection of Respiratory disease. Plastic_In pioneers research into non-invasive biomarkers, representing a significant leap in the field of MNPs exposure. This objective involves analysing saliva samples from exposed workers to identify changes in gene expression profiles. By using RNA sequencing, the project aims to pinpoint potential biomarkers associated with lung function, inflammation, and responses to toxic exposures. Validating these biomarkers for early detection of respiratory disease holds promise for revolutionizing preventive measures, enabling timely interventions, and reducing the burden on healthcare systems. The focus on non-invasive methods aligns with Ris3 - Development of Innovative Actions and Systems for Health Promotion and Prevention of Well-being.