Monitorização Biométrica de Deiscências Anastomóticas por Meio de Tatuagens Eletrónicas: Uma Abordagem Avançada na Cirurgia Abdominal

The BioTat project objectives are strategically aligned to address significant challenges in postoperative care and pioneer advancements beyond the current state of the art. The core objectives are designed to deliver transformative solutions and push the boundaries of existing medical technologies. Our first objective is to develop an advanced biomonitoring device. The primary challenge addressed by this objective is the lack of effective and minimally invasive monitoring tools for early detection of anastomotic leakage post-gastrointestinal surgery. This objective aims to develop an innovative biomonitoring patch, incorporating materials with exceptional biocompatibility, durability, and sensitivity. The patch will feature reduced graphene oxide-based sensors and RFID technology for real-time monitoring without the need for batteries. This objective goes beyond the current state of the art by integrating novel concepts in sensor technology, RFID communication, and sustainable power solutions. The use of advanced fabrication techniques, such as laser patterning and sintering, represents a pioneering approach, contributing to the development of a next-generation biomonitoring system. Our second objective is to conduct in-depth in vitro characterization of the developed devices. This objective tackles the challenge of ensuring the biocompatibility and effectiveness of the developed biomonitoring patch. In vitro studies, including cytotoxicity and genotoxicity assessments, aim to provide a comprehensive understanding of the device's impact on different cell types and its potential effects. This objective surpasses the standard in vitro testing procedures by employing sophisticated methodologies, including flow cytometry, RT-PCR, and genotoxicity assessments following stringent international guidelines. By adopting an extensive approach, we aim to achieve a nuanced understanding of the device's biological interactions, surpassing conventional assessments. Our third objective is to evaluate the biocompatibility, in vivo, of our two most promising devices. This objective addresses the critical challenge of ensuring the biocompatibility of the biomonitoring patch within the complex in vivo environment. In vivo studies will assess local effects after implantation and systemic toxicity, providing insights into the device's performance over short and long-term durations. This objective goes beyond routine in vivo assessments by incorporating the 3Rs principles, ISO standards, and a multidimensional evaluation encompassing macroscopic, microscopic, and histopathological analyses. The ambitious approach aims to set a new standard for assessing the biocompatibility of medical devices. In conclusion, the objectives of the project collectively represent a pioneering effort to address critical challenges in postoperative care and advance beyond the state of the art in biomonitoring technology. Each objective is designed to contribute to the overarching goal of developing an innovative and impactful solution for the surveillance of anastomotic leakage.